Waba uzi amateka yiterambere rya pompe zamazi? Kandi uziko pompe yamazi yizuba ihinduka imyambarire mishya?

Mu myaka yashize, pompe zamazi yizuba zimaze kumenyekana nkigisubizo cyangiza ibidukikije kandi gikoresha amafaranga meza. Ariko uzi amateka ya pompe zamazi nuburyo pompe zamazi zizuba zahindutse imyambarire mishya muruganda?

Amateka ya pompe yamazi yatangiriye mubihe bya kera, mugihe abantu batangiye gukoresha imbaraga zamazi kubintu bitandukanye. Pompe y'amazi izwi cyane yitwa "igicucu" kandi yakoreshejwe muri Egiputa ya kera ahagana mu 2000 mbere ya Yesu mu kuvoma amazi kumugezi wa Nili kugirango yuhire. Mu binyejana byashize, hateguwe ubwoko butandukanye bwamapompo yamazi, harimo gusubiranamo, centrifugal, na pompe zirohama, buri kimwe gifite igishushanyo cyacyo cyihariye.

Nyamara, iterambere rya pompe zamazi yizuba nikintu gishya cyongerewe imbaraga mumyaka mike ishize. Mu gihe imyumvire y’ingaruka ku bidukikije ya pompe isanzwe yiyongera, icyifuzo cy’ingufu zirambye kandi zishobora kongera ingufu zikomeje kwiyongera. Ibi byatumye habaho udushya no gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba, harimo pompe y’amazi.

Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba akoresha imashanyarazi kugira ngo ahindure urumuri rw'izuba amashanyarazi, hanyuma agaha pompe kandi akuramo amazi mu mariba, imigezi cyangwa ahandi. Izi pompe zitanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza pompe gakondo zikoreshwa na lisansi, harimo amafaranga make yo gukora, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hamwe nibisabwa bike. Kubera iyo mpamvu, baragenda bamenyekana cyane mu cyaro no mu mijyi, cyane cyane mu turere dufite urumuri rwinshi rw'izuba ariko amashanyarazi make.

Inkunga ya leta n’inkunga bigamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zishobora nanone gukoreshwa mu kuvoma pompe z’amazi akomoka ku zuba. Mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Ubuhinde, Ubushinwa ndetse no mu bice bya Afurika, guverinoma ishishikarizwa gushyiraho pompe z’amazi akomoka ku zuba binyuze mu nkunga y’amafaranga na politiki y’ibanze. Ibi kandi byihutisha iterambere ry’isoko rya pompe yamazi yizuba, bikagira imyambarire mishya muruganda.

Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba ryatumye habaho iterambere rya pompe y’amazi meza kandi yizewe, bituma iba inzira zifatika za pompe zamazi zisanzwe mubikorwa byinshi. Kuva ku kuhira imyaka mu buhinzi no kuvomera amatungo kugeza aho amazi atuye ndetse n’ubucuruzi, pompe y’amazi y’izuba byagaragaye ko ari igisubizo kinyuranye kandi kirambye gikenewe ku mazi.

Muri make, amateka yiterambere rya pompe zamazi yateye imbere mumyaka ibihumbi, amaherezo biganisha kuri pompe yamazi yizuba ihinduka imyambarire mishya muruganda. Hamwe n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, bikoresha neza kandi bifashwa na leta, pompe zamazi yizuba zabaye amahitamo azwi cyane yo kuvoma amazi, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko hahindutse igisubizo kirambye kandi gishobora kuvugururwa. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere no kumenya ibibazo by’ibidukikije byiyongera, pompe y’amazi y’izuba birashoboka ko izakomeza kugira uruhare runini mu kuvoma amazi mu gihe kiri imbere.